Ulcerative Colitis

What Is Ulcerative Colitis?

Ulcerative colitis affects the rectum and large intestine. A person with this condition may experience diarrhea because inflammation prevents water from being reabsorbed into the bloodstream. It has three types:

  • Proctitis – affects only the rectum.
  • Left-sided colitis – affects the 'colon's left side.
  • Pancolitis – affects the entire colon.

Its symptoms include:

  • Diarrhea which may sometimes be bloody
  • Stomach pain
  • Urgency to use the bathroom
  • Nausea or fatigue
  • Weight loss
  • Loss of appetite
Doctor greeting patient in hospital hallway

What Causes Ulcerative Colitis?

Research suggests that an interaction between the 'body's immune response and a viral or bacterial infection in the colon may cause ulcerative colitis. The 'body's typical response to fight an illness or infection is inflammation. But with ulcerative colitis, the inflammation persists even after the immune system has finished its job, resulting in chronic ulcers and inflammation.

How Is Ulcerative Colitis Diagnosed?

Ulcerative colitis diagnosis includes:

  • Initial testing and medical evaluations
  • Laboratory tests
  • Endoscopy and biopsy

What Is Microscopic Colitis?

Microscopic colitis is an IBD 'affecting thecolon's inner lining. This condition is more common in women and older adults. 

Symptoms of Microscopic Colitis

Microscopic colitis symptoms may include:

  • Chronic diarrhea
  • Abdominal pain
  • Urgency to use the bathroom
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Fecal incontinence

Microscopic colitis diagnosis includes:

  • Medical evaluations
  • Physical exam
  • Colonoscopy with biopsy

Digestive Conditions

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